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Tiff Questions and Answers
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TIFF Questions and Answers
What is TIFF?
The tag image file format, or TIFF, is a way of storing and
exchanging digital image data. The image data typically comes
from a desktop scanner, video digitizer, or paint program. TIFF
is not used for storing text or draw-type (object-oriented)
graphics.
Why was TIFF created?
Aldus began meeting with leading scanner vendors (Datacopy, DEST,
Hewlett-Packard, Microtek, and New Image Technology) in the fall
of 1985 to discuss strategies for incorporating scanned images
more effectively into desktop publishing. The vendors were
interested in a common file format for data exchange and
encouraged Aldus to define such a format. With the help of
Microsoft, TIFF was developed.
Is the TIFF specification continuing to evolve or is it complete?
So long as scanner hardware continues to evolve, TIFF too will
evolve. The specification was designed to be dynamic, permitting
incorporation of new features while minimizing the impact on
existing hardware and software. In keeping with TIFF philosophy,
future changes will be compatible with existing software.
Is TIFF being interpreted differently by different developers?
As an option within the TIFF specification, developers (those who
write TIFF and those who read TIFF) can choose to support some or
all of the features within the TIFF format. Therefore, if a
product that reads TIFF files doesn't support all the features of
TIFF, it will not be able to import files that include those
unsupported features. If a product that writes TIFF files
supports, say, only one TIFF feature, those files can be placed
into software applications that read either that single TIFF
feature or all its features.
Can you transfer TIFF images from the PC environment to the
Macintosh and vice versa?
Yes, TIFF was designed to travel across any machine architecture.
Are TIFF and gray scale the same thing?
No. TIFF is a file format capable of representing several kinds
of scanned data. Currently, there are two kinds of TIFF data that
PageMaker accepts. One type is bi-level, or black and white,
data, and the second type is gray-scale data.
Exactly what are gray-scale images?
Gray-scale images consist of a rectangular array of pixels. Each
of these pixels can represent one or more shades of gray. The
pixels of a gray image are usually 4, 6, or 8 bits deep,
representing 16, 64, or 256 different shades of gray. This makes
gray-scale images particularly useful for storing photographs,
which are made up of various shades of gray.
But even PageMaker 1.2 for the Macintosh placed scanned
photographs.
Yes,. but there were disadvantages if the scanned image hadn't
been saved in the gray-scale TIFF format. First, unless you stuck
to certain sizes, the image didn't print well. Second, the image
was often distorted on the screen, especially in the "Fit in
Window" view, which made cropping difficult. And third, the image
didn't look any better printed on a high-resolution device than it
did on a 300 dot-per-inch (dpi) laser printer.
Is there anything you can do to improve the image quality if you
scanner doesn't save in gray-scale TIFF format?
Yes. PageMaker has a feature called "magic stretch" that allows
you to tailor the size of an image to the resolution of your
printer. By holding down the Control key on the PC or the Command
key on the Macintosh while you resize an image, PageMaker
automatically calculates the ideal image size in multiples of the
resolution of your printer.
So what does gray-scale do for you?
Quite a number of things. You can stretch the image to any size
and it will look good when it's printed. You can choose any page
view in PageMaker and the image will look good on the screen -
even without one of the new gray-scale monitors. You get smaller
file sizes and faster print times. And on high-resolution
typesetters like the Linotronic 100 you get top-quality images.
So, the gray-scale format works particularly well for high-
resolution output devices like the Linotronic, but does it really
make a difference on a 300 dpi laser printer?
In general, the image quality of a photograph scanned at 75 dpi
resolution and saved in the gray-scale TIFF format will be equal
to, and sometimes greater than, the same photograph scanned at 300
dpi and saved in the bi-level TIFF format. Again, if you're
working with a gray-scale image, you'll be able to size it more
easily in PageMaker, keep your file sizes smaller, and print
faster on a 300 dpi laser printer.
Does the printer have to be PostScript-compatible?
No. Any printer that PageMaker supports can be used.
How long does it take a gray-scale TIFF image to print?
It depends on which printer you're using, how much data is
transmitted to the printer, and the size of the area to be
halftoned. The time can range anywhere from one minute to an
hour.
What resolution should I use to scan gray-scale images?
Gray-scale images can be scanned at a lower resolution than bi-
level images and still produce very good results. If you are
printing to a 300 dpi laser printer, scan the image 75 dpi, and at
150 dpi for higher-resolution printers. If you plan on
substantially increasing the size of the image in PageMaker, you
may have to scan at a higher resolution to avoid loss of detail.